E-Business and E-Commerce

INTRODUCTION E-Business is important in future perspectives considering that the amount of trade conducted electronically have grown extraordinarily since the spread of the Internet. E-bussiness uses the internet and other networks as well as a variety of Internet technologies to support e-commerce and business processes. It includes e-commerce, which is the buying and selling of products or services over the Internet. The Internet and related technologies have changed the way businesses are operated and people work. I.E-BUSINESS A. What is it Many businesses today are using Internet technologies to conduct business processes over the Internet. E-business can be defined as the use of the Internet and other networks, as well as Internet technologies to work and facilitate business processes, electronic commerce and enterprise collaboration within a company and with its customers, suppliers and business partners. Generally, any online exchange of information, money, resources and servi ces is a part of e-business. B. E-business infrastructureE-business infrastructure made up of a variety of components. It includes hardware, softwares, support services, human capital and telecommunication networks. Examples of hardware are computers, servers and routers. Human capital, such as information system specialists and programmers, is important to operate e-business processes. In addition, many companies use networks such as intranet that is a private network inside a company for managers and employees, and extranet, which links a company with its customers, suppliers and business partners outside the company.Other companies use a virtual private network (VPN) which provides a private line through the internet. It uses the public Internet backbone as a channel for private data communication (3:20). Thus, a VPN allows remote offices, business partners and customers to use the Internet, rather than expensive private lines, to reach company networks by using tunneling softwar e. This software encrypts data and then sends the data to their destination. II. E-COMMERCE A. What is itE-commerce is the buying, selling, marketing and servicing of products, services and information over the Internet and other networks. Many businesses use the Internet, intranet and extranet to support the commercial processes including advertising, sales, customer support and Internet security. Most advertisements on the Web are in the form of sending e-mails and banner ads, which is in shape of a long horizontal rectangle on the top of the Web page (3:10). These advertisements could attract a huge number of visitors to the advertised Web site.E-commerce website must help customers to welcome and serve them personally and efficiently in order to increase customer loyalty. B. E-commerce advantages and disadvantages E commerce has several advantages. For sellers, e-commerce is an effective way to reduce costs and enlarge their markets. They cut additional labor cost and they do no t need to print and distribute mail order catalogs. In addition, e -commerce allows customers to compare prices at different websites.Then, they make purchases at their homes at any time. E-commerce websites offer variety of products for example electronic books, music files and computer softwares. However, e-commerce has some disadvantages. Consumers are not willing to buy some products over the Internet because of security and quality concerns. Online furniture businesses, for example, have failed because customers want to test the comfort of an expensive item such as sofa before they purchase it (1:1).

Madame Bovary

Women’s Rights Come To a Halt: Madame Bovary As soon as Eve was created from the rib of Adam, women have been struggling to achieve the same rights as men. As time has gone on, women have been able to make great strides in the way they are compared to men, in particular the Industrial Revolution and realism period lead to great equality strides for women. As the Industrial Revolution, and realism began to emerge in the 19th century, women were starting to develop their own ideas and opinions on how to behave.In Flaubert’s novel, Madame Bovary, he warned women that if you step outside of your gender roles, only bad things are bound to happen, thus working to stop women’s rights. Throughout the novel, gender roles are clearly set for both men, and women. Men are seen as more capable, worthy, and just overall better humans compared to women. Women have little to no say in how their lives are ran, which is clearly shown when Emma’s father decides that â€Å"à ¢â‚¬â„¢If [Charles] asks for her,’ he said to himself, ‘I’ll give her to [Charles]. † (16) Emma’s father is the one who gets to choose his daughter’s fate, rather than her. Even when wedding arrangements are being made Emma has no say in the matter because â€Å"Emma would, on the contrary, have preferred to have a midnight wedding with torches, but old Rouault could not understand such an idea. †(17) Women are depicted as being incapable of making life choices, so they need to be behind a man who is able to be their voice and make decisions for them. Women have also been put into the position of being a housewife.The role of a woman is to care for her home, husband, and children. When Emma wants to step out of her gender role, she then asks â€Å"’Have I not my house to look after, my husband to attend to, a thousand things, in fact, many duties that must be considered first? ’† (74) That then brings it to her atte ntion that she must stick to the way society is structured for women. When Madame Bovary decides to follow her gender role she does so by â€Å"[taking] interest in the housework, [going] to church regularly, and [looking] after her servant with more severity. (75) Even the way to dress, and how a homemaker represented herself was determined by society as â€Å"’a good housewife does not trouble about her appearance. ’† (75) Emma fulfills her role as a woman by imitating the ideal housewife, which is to be religious, and to care about everyone other than herself. There is nothing more imperative than to please your husband, if you wish to play your role in society, in which Emma did so by making sure that â€Å"when Charles came home he found his slippers put to warm near the fire.His waistcoat now never wanted lining, not his shirt buttons, and it was write a pleasure to see in the cupboard the nightcaps arranged in piles of the same height. † (75) It w as seen that a woman was put on this Earth to please her husband, and children and by not doing so was simply unacceptable. Children are also a big part of a woman’s life, because children can only be produced by a women, and it is their duty to care, and love them.As Emma was trying to convey the perfect woman â€Å"she declared she adored children; this was her consolation, her joy, her passion, and she accompanied her caresses with lyrical outburst which would have reminded any one but the Yonville people of Sachette in ‘Notre Dame de Paris’† (75) When Madame Bovary would fulfill her duties as a wife, â€Å"the housewives [would admire] her economy, the patients her politeness, the poor her charity. †(76) Proving that when you behave, as how you should you will be recognized as a good person.The way to behave as a woman is clearly defined, and it is stressed how important it is to do what you are told. As the role of a woman became very evident i n the time of realism, it was crucial to not stray away from the guidelines put in place by society. Emma Bovary had little regard for how to behave, and it was evident in the way she conducted her personal life. Madame Bovary cheated on her husband with two different men, and virtually hated Charles. She also takes it upon herself to handle the family finances, which would normally be a man’s job.Emma throws herself into a secret relationship with Leon, and after only knowing him for a short amount of time â€Å"she was in love with Leon, and sought solitude that she might with the more ease delight in his image. †(76) Just by falling in love with another man, sets Emma Bovary apart from her social class. Not only does Emma fall in love with Leon, but also in the later part of their relationship she deceives Charles and makes it possible to sneak away from her home to go to be with Leon.Emma complains about losing her talent on the piano so Charles tells her ‘If you liked,’ he said, ‘A lesson from time to time, that wouldn’t after all be very ruinous. ’ ‘But lessons,’ she replied, ‘are only of use when followed up. ’ And thus it was she set about obtaining her husband’s permission to go to town once a week to see her lover. At the end of a month she was even considered to have made considerable progress. (184) Emma has no regard for how husband may have felt about Emma’s second life, and to even have a life outside of your home life is completely stepping outside of your gender role.Madame Bovary also has another affair with a man named Rodolphe. This affair was purely superficial as far as Rodolphe was concerned, but to Emma it was more than that. Once again, she is betraying her husband and falling out of her gender role. Emma loves Rodolphe and every time they see each other, she is ready to show only affection towards him. Even after when Charles had a terrible day of a ttempting to fix clubfoot of Hippolyte Emma still chooses to be with Rodolphe, so much so that â€Å"when Rodolphe came to the garden that evening, he found his mistress waiting for him at the foot of the steps on the lowest stair.They threw their arms round one another, and all their rancor melted like snow beneath the warmth of that kiss. † (131) As the relationship with Rodolphe progresses, Emma begins to have no concern to how she acts in public. Due to the adultery happening in Emma’s life she begins to resent Charles even more than one thought possible. She begins to enjoy being an adulterous woman, that when she reflects upon her life She reveled in all the evil ironies of triumphant adultery.The memory of her lover came back to her with dazzling attractions, she threw her whole soul into it, borne away towards this image with fresh enthusiasm; and Charles seemed to her as much removed from her life, as absent forever, as impossible and annihilated, as if he had been about to die and were passing under her eyes. (130) All of her happiness comes from one man, and she is only content when she is shying away from Charles, and not being a proper woman. Finances were also left up to the men, since they were the breadwinners of for their family.Emma Bovary defies the norm, when Lheureux talks her into taking power of attorney. He tells Emma that â€Å"’[Charles] would do better to give it over to some one else- to you, for example. With a power of attorney it could be easily managed, and then (you and I) would have our little business transactions together. ’† (179) She fooled Charles into letting her have that power by â€Å"[quoting] technical terms casually, [pronouncing] the grand words of ‘order’, ‘the future’, ‘foresight’ and constantly [exaggerating] the difficulties of settling his father’s affairs†. 180) Emma takes Lheureux up on his offer, in order to be able to go behind her husbands back more efficiently, and to also prove that no gender role will be set upon her. Due to Emma defying every restriction put against her as a woman, she is punished on every account. Madame Bovary is left with no hope by the end of the novel, which causes her to poison herself with arsenic. Emma, and Leon are doomed from the start. Leon is a rather shy man, and she is a rather taken woman. Even while they are together Emma becomes discontent in the relationship.Though â€Å"[s]he was in love with Leon, and she sought solitude because it allowed her to revel in thoughts of him at leisure. His actual presence disturbed the voluptuous pleasure of her reveries. Her heart palpitated at the sound of his footsteps, but her agitation always began to subside as soon as he appeared, and she was left with nothing but deep astonishment which eventually turned to sadness. † (76) Rather than truly being in love with Leon she merely is in love with the idea of Leon.Ma dame Bovary’s relationship with Leon falls to pieces, as she becomes dissatisfied with him, and jealous over him when he was forced to spend time with Homais rather than her. The relationship was a wreck to begin with, and Emma’s punishment is basically an unhappy ending with the one she dared love. The same goes for her relationship with Rodolphe, it was disastrous. From the very start, Rodolphe was only attracted to Emma physically. When he first came saw Emma his immediate reaction was â€Å"Poor woman! She’s gasping for love like a carp gasping for water on a kitchen table.A few sweet words and she’d adore me, I’m sure of it! She’d be affectionate, charming [†¦] Yes, but how could I get rid of her later? † (92) Rodolphe was never in the relationship for the long haul, even though he could clearly see that Emma was. When it was time for Emma and Rodolphe to run away together â€Å"he wished to have two more weeks before to ar range some affairs; then at the end of a week he wanted two more; then he said he was ill; next her went on a journey. † (139) He would just make excuses, because he knew that he really did not love Emma.The relationship takes a turn on Madame Bovary and it ends up changing her. Instead of being the free, and independent woman she tried to portray â€Å"[Rodolphe] made her into something compliant and corrupt. She remained under the influence of a kind of idiotic infatuation, full of admiration for him and sensuality for herself, a blissful torpor; and her soul, sinking into that intoxication, shriveled and drowned like the Duke of Clarence in his butt of malmsey. † (134) Emma puts all of her happiness in this unaccepted relationship that ultimately leads Rodolphe to break things off with her, leaving Emma broken.Lheureux also punishes Emma, in the way that the draper fools her into becoming in so much debt that she would never be able to pay it all back. The draper tak es advantage of gender roles, by assuming that women are ignorant fools when it comes to finances. Throughout the whole novel, Lheureux offers Emma many gifts that she accepts. She is unaware that a hefty bill will come for her, that she must pay back. When the bill finally does come Emma pities herself, and she still goes to borrow even more money from the notary. No amount of pleading with Lheureux could get her off the hook.As Emma comes to bargain with the draper the conversation went as â€Å"But if I bought you several thousand francs- a quarter of the sum- a third- perhaps the whole? † â€Å"No; it’s no use! † And he pushed her gently towards the staircase. â€Å"I implore you, Monsieur Lheureux, just a few days more! † She was sobbing. â€Å"There! tears now! † â€Å"You are driving me to despair! † â€Å"What do I care? † said he, shutting the door. (208) When she finally loses control of all of her money, she resorts to pros titution, and even begs Leon, and Rodolphe for the money she owes. When she cannot get the money, her life is put into despair.Suicide is her last resort, in which she poisons herself. Each time Madame Bovary decided to become more independent and to make her own decisions, it always came back to haunt her. Both of the adulterous relationships come to ruins, and she completely obliterates all of the household money. Flaubert’s sent out a warning to readers, that if you behave as Emma did, trying to step outside of your gender role, then you will be punished rather than rewarded. By showing a punishment, it led women to stay conformed, and to not go out and advance women’s rights.

In-Class Portion of Final Exam

IT630 – Computer Simulation & Modeling In-Class Portion of Final Exam (50 points) Dr. Seidman June 10, 2010 DIRECTIONS – READ THIS FIRST INTRODUCTION Exam is from 6:00 pm to 9:15 pm. Answer both questions. Total of 50 points. This is an open book, open notes, and open computers exam. This is an individual exam. No collaboration of any kind is permitted. No network connections until you post your answer files to Blackboard when you are done with the exam.You are on the honor system. You have your instructor’s implicit trust. But, you must still hear the consequences of any cheating: immediate failure of the course and a report to the School of Business Dean for possible expulsion from the university. DELIVERY OF ANSWER FILES Put all of your answer files into one folder named: yourNameIT630InClassFinalExam located on your computer desktop. Zip this file. Zip file name should be: yourNameIT630InClassFinalExam. Post to Bb Deliver Here in folder named: WEEK 11: IN-CL ASS PORTION OF FINAL EXAM.Check with instructor to see that zip file is posted correctly. After this, you may leave the exam room. QUESTIONS: If you have any questions during the exam – ask your instructor. DIRECTIONS – READ THIS FIRST INTRODUCTION Exam is from 6:00 pm to 9:15 pm. Answer both questions. Total of 50 points. This is an open book, open notes, and open computers exam. This is an individual exam. No collaboration of any kind is permitted. No network connections until you post your answer files to Blackboard when you are done with the exam. You are on the honor system. You have your instructor’s implicit trust.But, you must still hear the consequences of any cheating: immediate failure of the course and a report to the School of Business Dean for possible expulsion from the university. DELIVERY OF ANSWER FILES Put all of your answer files into one folder named: yourNameIT630InClassFinalExam located on your computer desktop. Zip this file. Zip file nam e should be: yourNameIT630InClassFinalExam. Post to Bb Deliver Here in folder named: WEEK 11: IN-CLASS PORTION OF FINAL EXAM. Check with instructor to see that zip file is posted correctly. After this, you may leave the exam room.QUESTIONS: If you have any questions during the exam – ask your instructor. Question #1 Airport Terminal Arena model (25 points total) PART I: BASE MODEL (10 points) Management wants to study Terminal #1 at a hub airport with an eventual eye toward improvement. The first step is to model it as it is (i. e. , BASE model) during the eight hours of the busiest part of a typical weekday. You will create an Arena model of the check-in and the security operations, only. Once passengers get through security they are on their way to their departure gate and leave the system.Passengers arrive one at a time through the front entrance from curbside ground transportation with interarrival times distributed Expo(0. 5) minutes. [All time units are in minutes. ] Of these arriving passengers, 33% go left to an old-fashioned manual check-in counter. And, 57% of the arriving passengers go right to a new automated check-in counter. These two types of passengers take no time to move from the front entrance to their check-in locations. The remaining 10% of arriving passengers do not need to check in at all and go directly from the front entrance to security.It takes these passengers Unif(3, 5) to move from the front entrance to security. There are two agents at the manual check-in station, fed by a single first-come-first-server queue. Manual check-in service times are Triangular(1, 2, 5). After manual check-in, it takes passengers Unif(2. 5, 6. 5) to walk to the security area. The automated check-in consists of two kiosks and is fed by a single first-come-first-server queue. Automated check-in times are Triangular(0. 5, 1, 1. 5). After checking in, these automated check-in passengers take Unif(1, 3) to walk to the security area.Notice that all typ es of passengers eventually go to the security area where there are 6 check-in pods fed by a single first-come-first-serve queue. Security check-in times are Triangular(1, 2, 6). This time covers the many security activities in a pod like: x-ray, metal detector, bag search, etc. Once through security, passengers head to their gates and leave the model. Simulate this system for 8 hours and 1 replication. The performance metric of interest is the average total time in the system of passengers (for all types combined).Place this average somewhere on the model in a text-box. Arena file name: YournameIT630Q1BASE. doe. Place file into folder: yourNameIT630InClassFinalExam. Warning: It is your responsibility to make sure that your files are present in your yourNameIT630InClassFinalExam folder and that they open properly. Question #1 (continued) PART II: ALTERNATIVE MODEL (5 points) In PART I, the airline noticed that a lot of people who opt for the manual check-in really don’t need the extra services there and could have used the automated check-in.Instead of the original 33% manual check-in and 57% automated check-in, suppose that the airline is able to encourage only 15% of the arriving passengers to go to the manual check-in and 70% to go to the automated check-in. The other 15% of the arriving passengers go right to security. Nothing else in the Part I model changes. * Revise your Part I Arena model to reflect these changes and name it YournameIT630Q1ALT. doe. Simulate this system for 8 hours and 1 replication. The performance metric of interest is the average total time in the system of passengers (for all types combined).Place this average somewhere on the model in a text-box. PART III: ARENA OUTPUT ANALYZER (10 points) You will need to run the both models for 100 replications. Using the Arena Output Analyzer, compare the average total time in the system of the BASE model against the ALT model to determine whether or not the changes you made actually mad e a statistically significant difference. Hint: Use the Statistics module. [You may want to turn off the animation to speed things up. Run/Run Control/Batch Run (no animation). ] Place a screen shot of the Output Analyzer comparison results on the YournameIT630Q1ALT. oe model. In a text-box on the same model, say whether the changes made make a statistically significant difference. * Save the Output Analyzer file as: OutAnalyzCompareQ1BASE&ALTdrg. ————————————————- ALL PARTS OF Q1 Arena file names: yournameIT630Q1BASE. doe & yournameIT630Q1ALT. doe & yournameOutAnalyzCompareBASE&ALT. dgr Place these three files into folder named: yourNameIT630InClassFinalExam. Warning: It is your responsibility to make sure that your files are present in your yourNameIT630InClassFinalExam folder and that they open properly.Question #2. Restaurant Arena model (25 points) ——â⠂¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- ————————————————- One customer at a time enters a restaurant according to an Exp(3) minutes distribution. [All time is in minutes. ] This is the lunchtime crowd that eats here between 11:30 am and 2:30 pm. ————————————————- ————————————————- Each customer waits Exp(5) for a table. At the table, the customer places an order which is sent from the customer to the kitchen.The kitchen takes Uniform(5. 5, 9. 5) to prepare the food and then it takes Exp(1. 5) for the lunch food to be sent from the kitchen to the customer’s table. Of course, th e food must match up with the particular customer who sent the order. Hint: Use a Separate module (and other associated modules) to accomplish this. ————————————————- ————————————————- When the order arrives to the customer who sent it, it takes the customer Uniform(12, 17) minutes to eat the meal.Then, the customer leaves the table and queues up at the single cashier where it takes the customer Expo(2. 5) to pay for the meal. The customer then leaves the restaurant. ————————————————- * ————————————————- The performance metrics of interest are the 95% Confidence Interval of the average length of time a customer spends in the system and the 95% Confidence Interval of the average number of customers leaving the system after they eat lunch. ————————————————- ————————————————-Run the model for 3 hours and make 20 replications. Report the performance metrics in a text-box on the model. Also, if necessary, note any assumptions you made on a text-box on the model. ————————————————- Arena file name: yournameIT630Q2. doe. Place file into folder: yourNameIT630InClassFinalExam. Warning: It is your responsibility to make sure that your file is present in your yourNameIT630InClassFinalExam folder and tha t it opens properly. ————————————————- ————————————————- ———————————————— ————————————————- ————————————————- ————————————————- ————————————————————————†”—————————————— ————————————————- ————————————————- END OF IN-CLASS PORTION OF FINAL EXAM ————————————————- You may leave when done. ————————————————-

Analysis of Connie Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Analysis of Connie - Essay Example It is her fear and the need to keep her family away from troubles that force her to give in to Arnold Friend, her abductor. For example, at first she is equally forced by the desire to go out with Arnold Friend and the fear of being raped and killed, and hence unable to reach a decision. She neither refuses the invitation altogether, nor easily shows her willingness or desire to surrender. Instead she seems interested in prolonging the conversation only giving the lame reason â€Å"If my father comes and sees you† (46). This in fact, is used by the writer to show how easy it is to con a human being exploiting their basic instincts. However, when her family was dragged into the affair by Arnold Friend, she realizes the graveness of the situation and decides to call the police. Connie is an epitome of adolescence who finds home atmosphere claustrophobic and her mother’s comments annoying. She finds solace in the philosophy that her mother gets angry only because she lost her look. However, there are things liked by Connie; going places with her friends, movies and shopping and even visiting a ‘fly-infested restaurant’ (36).

Randel and Puglisi Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Randel and Puglisi - Essay Example Puglisi demonstrates that Wahunsonnacoc had priorities that included expansion of his kingdom at the time James Smith arrived in Jamestown and accepted the trade gesture. This narration shows the extent of established government structure and organized social form of the native Indians. Puglisi gives a chronological order of events and discusses the progressive interaction between Wahunsonnacoc and James Smith until Captain Christopher Newport comes into the picture. Randel emphasizes the perception of John Smith towards the Indians. He gives a shallow detail on how John Smith interacted with the chief who controlled the existing native Indian Kingdom by that time. He rather emphasizes the experiences of John Smith in captivity with limited information on the socio-political significance attached to such an episode to the native Indians. Randel gives much attention to the view of John Smith as a sympathizer to the Native Indians after they were overwhelmed and colonized by the Britis h. He focuses much on James town but fails to give a detailed order of event with particular involvement of the native chieftaincy during the colonization attempts. There is a significant line of similarity as far as the concept of ethno history is addressed by Randel and Puglisi. Evident misinterpretation between the John Smith as the Englishmen agent and the native chief Wahunsonnacoc seems to underlies the interaction of the two groups. Each side is presented as having planned agenda with significant deviation and battle for superiority.

The Collapsible Lunch Box Idea Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Collapsible Lunch Box Idea - Essay Example The first idea involved whether we were capable of producing folding chairs. This idea failed due to the fact that after its assessment it was discovered that the production of folding chairs would cost too much. The second idea was the production disposable mats. This idea was quite a viable but it was ruled out after assessing that in order to reach to this final product it would involve quite a number of different processes. The feasibility of a business idea demonstrates how practical it is to put the idea into action. In line with this we had other options such as the production of a modified pub tray. The idea was a good one but we did not have information about the technical aspect of the product as how it would function. In addition the production of a modified pub tray would require too much work from sub contractors. Another feasible idea involved the production of plastic water cups. We discovered that the demand for this is too high and it would be quite difficult to prod uce enough to meet the demand. In this case consumer satisfaction is an essential aspect worth consideration if a business idea is to be adopted. Final considerations were the idea of a producing a washing machine dial or a collapsible lunch box. After adequate evaluation and comparison of the two it was seen that the market for the washing machine dial would be too small to make meaning profits. ... An American museum keeper by the name David Shayt pins this evolution to this century providing some of the examples of lunch boxes that were developed. These examples include a woven basket that had a handle and a fancy box made of wood. With the former a handkerchief would be used to warp up a meal then put inside the woven basket. The latter is believed to be used by only the rich people. These lunch boxes were but a result of increased industrialization. With the Americans working away from their homes in places such as factories it was then deemed impractical of them going home for lunch on a daily basis. This is what brought about the necessity of lunch boxes as something that would be used to protect meals and allowing for their transportation with simplicity. Various have in the past been in the manufacture of lunch boxes. Schooling children have always created a market lunch boxes with materials such as vinyl and plastic being used for this market. For the adults the most co mmon materials for their lunch boxes are metallic in nature for instance aluminium or tin. These materials are used for purpose of increasing robustness of the lunch boxes and that may last for a long time. The year is 1954 in Sudbury in the region of Ontario a miner by the name Leo May invented the aluminium lunch box. The idea of this lunch came as a result of him accidentally crushing his lunch box made of tin. History has it that the Mickey Mouse the first character lunch box made of tin was produced by Frey, Paeschke and Geuder in 1935. In the 1950 the Aladdin industries came up with a creation of the first lunch box meant for children basing their invention on Hopaong Cassidy a show on the television. This

Project Management Applicatio Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Project Management Applicatio - Assignment Example Patience privacy in health organization is of high concern in today’s era when technology is adversely evolving. The data stored in the health systems database may experience harm that causes physical damage to the hard disks and the systems. Before Health insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) was implemented, there were no prior standards of determining whether health cares should securely store patient’s information. After the implementation of the HIPAA act, health cares boosted their databases where confidentiality and portability of patient records were harnessed. If health organizations do not comply with the HIPAA, they can face a penalty of $250,000 and if the violation is repeated the culprit faces fines up to $1.5 million. Organizations first step should be Risk analysis. Organizations should follow the HIPAA risk analysis techniques. The risk analysis should provide medical staff with deep knowledge of understanding the risks involved with inte grity and confidentiality of patient information. The HIPAA act requires that health cares should â€Å"implement policies and procedures to prevent, detect, contain and correct security violations through assessment of potential risks†. I order to mitigate the risks involved physical safeguards such as the building of alarm systems as well as the use of extensive monitoring screen should be widely implemented. Administrative safeguards should also be used in order to secure the authorized exchange of patient information in different hospitals.

Armageddon--A Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Armageddon--A - Movie Review Example The combination of drama, love story, and humor helped in the development of plot, although the main story is about a rogue comet about to hit the Earth’s surface, which would define the fulfillment of the Armageddon prophecy found in the Book of Revelations in the Bible. The comet possesses a gigantic size that it would be impossible to destroy it using a nuclear weapon coming from the Earth’s surface, which leaves NASA to the possibility of drilling down to the comet itself, splitting it to half and preventing it from impacting the planet. Deep Impact, a movie of the same genre came out before Armageddon. However, according to Leong, Armageddon has done what Deep Impact has failed to do. Deep Impact failed to leave an emotional mark to its audience due to an excessive presentation of characters and vague subplots. Armageddon on the other hand, provided a cathartic effect to its viewers, in the array of professional and award-winning actors. A favorite scene would include the part when Grace Stamper (Liv Tyler) and her dad Harry (Bruce Willis) exchange goodbyes through a television monitor live where the comet is located (Armageddon).

Internet Marketing Strategy ( Nike ) Research Paper

Internet Marketing Strategy ( Nike ) - Research Paper Example It is not just restricted to sportswear, instead it allows for large array of items related to other leisure. Eye wear, electronic timers, wrist bands and sweat bands as well as children shoes that are not primarily related to sports but for casual wear. Keywords: Sportswear, e-commerce, online, unique value proposition, marketing perspective, quality, customers’ considerations. History A predominant name in the field of footwear and numerous other interrelated services. It has been in practice and action since the mid 20th century and is amongst the top runners in the respective industry (Marco et.al , 262). The company has incorporated various techniques, business principles, policies which have enabled achieving its present day position and standing. All these have been implemented in respective disciplines pertinent to the overall best services and performances. Target group: Target group is defined as one that is the core focus on the company with regard to fulfilling the ir requirements and providing them with all sorts of items needed by them. Target group is also represented in the ads and commercials that are broadcasted. An active participant of nearly all major sporting activities, such as football, tennis, athletics and numerous other games, however it is not confined to sports only. The company has expanded its wings in a scattered way and can be easily termed as a multisided market industry with focus on various segments. Operating internationally and having its outlets and chains in nearly all the major regions of the world, it holds attraction due to its variety and quality in the given domain. Strategies: Nike Inc has expanded its network through its franchises and independent retailers who are officially granted the licenses in this regard to sell their products under the official banner. Both the franchises and independent outlets work through the approval of officially granted work permits by the head office and its concerned offices. Multisided market: Providing for sportswear as well as casual wear speaks of the company’s multisided approach. Also not limiting its items to teenagers or sports athletes is another example of multisided market approach. The offer of subsidiaries is another example of its multisided market orientation. Various subsidiaries are operational in the name of Converse Cole, Hockey Hurley International to name a few. How to reach the blue moon: Brand personality: The brand enjoys a credible name amongst the customers, it has stood for quality and reliability. Its expansion based policy and much more richer supply chain relationships define the brand itself. Differentiation: Differentiation is based upon quality, reliability, customers solution and future prospects consideration. Unique Value Proposition: In order to keep up with the changes of modern times, and the subsequent demands, any given company has to adopt and make certain items its bench mark and elements of separation wh ich may provide

Marketing Plan College Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Marketing Plan College - Case Study Example This will provide Ownership Properties with an opportunity to leverage its core competencies while servicing its business clients in an exclusive environment. Ownership Properties, INC is a privately owned and operated real estate investing /managing company. The group specializes in investing ideas, occupying strategies, inner city locations and serves primarily investing clients. Its available investment properties have between three and five bedrooms plus categories, and include all local and nationwide homebuilders. OPI has a high instance of repeat business across all its brands, particularly with custom homebuilders. The housing market is currently somewhat depressed, due to the economic downturn and restrictions being made on qualifying loans and financing. This threat to these critical sectors could be considered as short to medium term, as indications of a return to business . Observed. Ownership Properties, INC must continue to focus on delivering an exemplary business service at competitive rates, in order to cultivate repeat business. Ownership Properties, INC offers value and benefits to its clients in earning percentage commission on all deals. Its clients need to know that they can depend upon and develop a relationship with the management company that will ensure efficiency, ample value for their money and reliable support when they need it. OPI chooses to build very strong customer relationships, and we want to stay an integral part of the investing market. Market Demographics - Investor sources: California, New Jersey, New York, Chicago and Portland. Market trends can be categorized as follows: Taxation investing - 15% of client base. A 1031 exchange of certain types of property may defer the recognition of capital gains or losses due upon sale, and hence defer any capital gains taxes. Section 1031 investors are mostly seeking to invest concurrently in multiple real estate deals. Quality is a secondary concern to quantity. These prospect investors are the easiest and the most corporate of all time, as their main concern is taxation. Section 1031 investors may purchase investment property without question or even a site visit, as long as the deals can be closed within their desired timeframe. A specific timeline and term have to be met in closing the deals. Investors could incur large losses if they do not meet the specific terms of the 1031 exchange. Cash investing - 25% of client base. This portion consists mostly of experienced investors, who have multiple properties and extra cash on hand to obtain a higher rate of return than the regular CD or passbook account at a local bank. These are the most efficient and mature clients, who can close deals within two days if the price is right. OPI tends to favors these type of customers because they are low maintenance. Long-term investing - 60% of client base. This kind of investing is always connected with financing. The investors who are interested in long-term investing are usually short of cash, but have good credit histories. They are looking for high returns, but are skeptical. fully depend on the rent in covering the mortgage. Since this group has little or no investment experience, investment advisors must usually devote a lot of time to consulting, confidence

Babylonians vs Hebrews Essay Example for Free

Babylonians vs Hebrews Essay The Hebrew creation story, found in Genesis from the Hebrew Bible, was based upon the story of one creator, God, the order of how things were created and the lives of the first man and woman. The Babylonian creation story, Enuma Elish, instead of having one god, had two god in the beginning, Tiamat and Apsu, and was the story of how several gods were born, thus creating different elements of earth, as well as the creation of the different features of the world after the battle between Tiamat and Marduk. Though, at first glance, these two different creation stories are dynamically different, closer inspection leads us to know that there are several similarities between these two accounts of the formation of the earth: the way the story was told, how many celestial beings were in each myth, how the earth was created, how humans were created, and the reason for humans to exist. In the Bible, Eve had eaten from the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil thus banishing both Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden. As punishment, God told Eve, â€Å"†¦thy desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall rule over thee. (Leeming 28) This shows that the Hebrew was a patriarchal society, and this story had an innuendo of justification of why men must control women. In the Enuma Elish, humans are not as prominent as the Hebrew Bible, but the creation of humans was more of an afterthought, but it does teach us about what is really important to the Babylonians and that is to serve the gods. Enuma Elish explained how man was created to serve the gods. In both myths there is a presence of the ability to make things appear with speaking. In the Hebrew Bible, God was able to create the heavens, earth, and everything within them by just simply speaking (minus humans). In the Enuma Elish, Marduk to prove to the other gods that he is different than they are made a cloth disappear and reappear by simply speaking. The close proximity between the two cultures, there was sure to have had a mixing between the two. The Hebrews Bible was not created until centuries after the Babylonian, so it is to be inferred that the Hebrews basically wanted to prove that their one god is better than the strongest god of the Babylonians. In the Hebrew Bible there was only God and Chaos (the waters), and in the Enuma Elish Tiamat and Apsu were the first beings, and they are the gods of salt and fresh water, So both started with water. Both stories started with water and in the end the creation of humans. Man was created in the image of God from â€Å"the dust from the ground, and breathed into his nostril the breath of life. â€Å" (Leeming 27), and woman we created from the ribs of man in the Bible. In a similar fashion, the Babylonian myth depicted that Marduk created man from the blood and bone. This shows that both the Hebrews and Babylonians showed that humans were created from celestial beings and are different from everything else that was created, because they were fashioned differently and are to serve a purpose: to take care of everything God created (Hebrews), and to serve the gods (Babylonians). Enuma Elish and the Hebrew creation story are similar in the way of how these myths are presented. In both myths, water was there before anything else in some variation . The idea of a firmament to hold the skies up is also prominent in both stories, because of the wonderment of how the ‘water’ stays up in the sky. Also the notion of sets of twos are pronounced: light and darkness, sky and ocean, beasts of the water and beasts of the sky (Hebrew), Apsu and Tiamat, Lahmu and Lahamu, dividing Tiamat in half, blood and bone (Mesopotamian). Humans created last in Enuma Elish and in the Bible chapter one are also similarity. A subtle relationship between the two myths is the power of creating things through speech. God from the Bible created everything through speaking, and Marduk was able to math a garment disappears and reappear with speech as well. The Babylonians did not just have one god like the Hebrews but several gods depicting different things: Salt water, fresh water, sky, etc. The Hebrews just had one ultimate god that created and encompassed everything living. Also the two myths focused on two things. The Babylonians focused on the stories of the gods and how each was created, the war between Tiamat and Marduk, and how man was created as to serve the gods. The Hebrews had two stories of creation: an explanatory showing how the heavens and earth was created, and a narrative that explained how humans fit in the world that God created and why we have mortal sin. The Hebrews wanted to push the point across that humans were created to take care of the earth and everything God has created, and the Bablyonians wanted to show that they were created to serve the gods. The Bible Genesis Chapter One shows Campbell’s first function of myth: mystical. The first chapter explains on how the world was created and why we have certain aesthetics of the world. Campbell’s third function of myth, cosmlogical, is depicted in the Enuma Elish at the end explain how we were created to serve the gods and that is how we fit into the Universe. The Hebrews explain that Eve (woman) was the reason that mortal sin exist in this world, and enhances the reason why Hebrews were a patriarchal society and that men have to rule over woman as punishment of Eve’s sin. To sum it up, Enuma Elish and the Bible are from two different cultures, in two different locations, but despite this they are very similar . There are several motifs that are prominent that prove this, however, these two myths are still radically different in certain aspects of organization and the belief system.

Book Report - Fault in Our Stars Essay Example for Free

Book Report Fault in Our Stars Essay Meaning of the title: The fault, dear Brutus is not in our stars, / But in ourselves, that we are underlings. was said in Shakespeares play ‘Julius Caesar’. Saying that it is not fate that decides our future, but instead our own failings. That you are to blame for the bad thing that happen in your life. But the title ‘The Fault in our Stars’ says that sometimes its not our fault; things happen in life, sometimes we can’t control it; there will be problems along the way, and we just have to deal with it. Brief summary: Hazel, an average teenager who thinks she is going to die. She was diagnosed with cancer when she was young, and has trouble with her lungs. She then met a boy called Augustus in the Support Group. Augustus only had one leg because he had had osteosarcoma (A type of bone cancer). Hazel also made another friend called Issac who eventually went blind. Augustus and her shared common interests like the book called‘An Imperial Affliction’. They went on adventures to Amsterdam to visit an author that Hazel idolizes. On their trip, they had some physical relations. However meeting the author wasn’t exactly what Hazel and Augustus had expected. Later on Issac dies, then Augustus’s cancer later returns Style of Writing: The story is written in Hazel’s point of view who is the narrator of the story. The writing in this book is easy to follow because its written in a conversational way. As if the reader was the protagonist. The book uses a lot of fascinating sentences and phrases to express the feelings and thoughts of Hazel Grace. The author likes using dialogues to tell the story. Character: The characters are quite believable because they are like any type of average teenager. However they have to deal with a small problem in their health affecting a big part of their life. The characters are very realistically portrayed and I think the author did a great job in describing the different characters. Plot: The plot is quite believable as it is not fiction. As readers, we can sometimes relate to the situations or even feel what the characters are feeling throughout the book. There are a lot of plot twists in the novel, so the reader would not know what is about to happen. This gives the story line more suspense and builds tension throughout the scenario. Recommendation: I would recommend this book to young adults, because there is an incredible plot twist in the book which mesmerizes the reader and gives them grief. Making them want to be the protagonist of the story. The characters are about our age, and sometimes us teenagers or young adults can connect to what the characters in the book are going through. This book has a powerful story line which emphasize the life of how two teenagers are fighting cancer, which has inspired and touch the teens heart.

History Of The Body Area Networks

History Of The Body Area Networks Abstract In the recent few years there is tremendous advancement especially in the field of integration circuit, small sensors and in the wireless networks.in body area networks (BANs) these devices considerably suitable for integrating in any scenario like health monitoring , in sport, and even in military prospective due to its considerable light weight , low power, and sensing capability. BANs provide cheap, reliable, and scalable system for monitoring daily activities for short to long period of time. But still there are a number of challenges issues like integration of devices, system designing according to the user scenario, security and privacy of the data, modification and social issues must be resolved in order for BANs to become ubiquitous. In our report we discus BANs background, its applications, and relationship. Introduction BANs (Body Area Networks) is a combination of micro and advanced Nano technology components for to improve the speed and accuracy of data recording. Generally BANs consist of small but sensitive sensors and actuators for monitoring and log data, then data sent to base station for storage. Users can access to this data in base station via internet or by other mean. BANs are actually a modern invention and primarily design for health industry (doctor and other staff) to monitor the health status. By taking the benefit of this technology we can monitor much more closely patients with chronic diseases like, asthma and diabetes. Doctor update the patients record quickly and efficiently to store general information of patients health. In United States and other part of Europe, they made different pilot programs to monitoring patients health status. They introduced bracelet with chips and antennas that can used to follow the patient position. They attached antennas on patient cloths to track him in the hospital and it send alert when he begins to collapse. A company is currently working on a project Healthy Aims [1] which focused on body devices that helps millions of people. Body Area Networks take low power radio frequencies (RF) and transfer the data of patients in real time. Doctors are able to monitor and change the setting for specific deployed devices on the body to improve the performance devices as well patient health. Pacemaker devices was produce 1960s have to endure pain and stress of surgery because it setup as a part of the body and send the patient health situation to RF transceiver, where it send directly to the doctor. This time interval always up to date the doctor about patient. By BANs Doctor an d his staff can access to patient record at any time so they dont need to visit the patient or patient dont need to visit the clinic, it is a good method in prospective of save time and money by visiting the clinic many time during the month or weeks. BANs is extremely compact and may be complex by its design, but as the sensor devices are very unassertive and a patient will be able to live a normal life. All sensors have same controlable mechanism like same element, power supply, and wireless transceivers. But they are design in such method that they can self-govern for the entire life [2]. They are designed for the measurement of temperature, movement, and location. Sensor and actuator implanted inside the body and they interact wirelessly each others in BANs and process data is transmitted from implanted devices to external devices. Mechanism of a actuator is like environmental agent. In BANs the data passes through sensor to sensor then sent to it base station where it can be transmitted to recipient via internet. 2 Body Area Networks History History about the body area network is not so old to go back many years to find out some material about BANs, taking advantages of some tiny useful technology in this sense is a new and unique idea. A number of different groups was work on PAN(personal area network) in Massachusett Institute of technology and that later grew out of the work on 1990s. The group actually wanted to get the information by interconnect different appliance on the body and to measure the position of the body by using electric field sensor. The main head for developing Personal Area Networks was Thomas G. Zimmerman. He introduces the new technology that allows the body to act like conductor. There was another name Neil Gershenfeld in that field who was in the Massachusett Institute of technology, incharged of the Media and Physics group. He and his group applied a method near -field coupling to solve the problem of determine the accurate position and its relationship with other parts, by fixing pairs of ante nnas on body part for example elbow and hand, and then run an electric current through them. They learned that as one move the capacitance of the circuit was charged. So they determine the exact position of the antennas after measuring the capacitance. There was a problem in the measurement method that the measurement was no longer accurate if hand was placed between the antennas but it was solved by the Zimmerman. There was actually another group working in the Media lab asked them to develop a network such that all electric gadgets that a person can carry are connected together. Many people carried digital devices around thereself but no one communicate to other.For example a person who has a mobile phone, a pager, a PDA or a digital watch mean all about his person at the same time. They both Zimmerman and Gershenfeld learned that, they can represent 1 or 0s, if they modulated the electric field which flowing through a person body,and allowing the body to carry digital information. At the end they discovered that if they used frequency and power that kept very low then the signal will not propagate far beyond the body. It mean that if devices could detect the signal on the body. This used of current at very low or small amount was unnoticed by anyone before. 2.1 Body Area Network Applications There are many possible application for communication like in the hospital, in patients monitoring system at home (post-operative care), use in a large scale throughout the world. There is also a list of BANs usages in various field like in sport, military, mesh, and in sport fields. Body Area Network Sports Applications In the present sporting arena many different readings are possible to take without having an athlete on a treadmill in a laboratory. It provide the platform to measure various levels during different competition in real life, for example in race, where coaches, need his pi athletes strengths and weaknesses. Body Area Mesh Network Applications The body area network consist of low-power and very reliable sensor networking. The low power usage allows longer life Batteries of motes or Gateways. The mesh network provides high reliability and long range communication. Mesh Networking is much more reliable and much capable of data sending Body Area Network Medical Applications Body Area Networks (BANs) can be used to provide interfaces for diagnostics purposes, in the hospital they used for administration of drugs, aid rehabilitation, and for remotely monitoring human physiological data. And for future prospective in hospital or at home it is used for monitoring the patient continuously and give required medication. So by this way patient need no more in the hospital with connected machines for monitoring. Body Area Network Military Applications Body Area Network has done a tremendous job in the military. So many of the military applications that we can use includes, their locations, health monitoring, their temperature and hydration levels, also very useful to enhance the strength, and many more factors for military prospective. 2.2 Body Area Network Devices 2.2.1 Body Area Network Sensors With rapid improvements in medical research, more and more health sensors have been developed to assist caregivers in monitoring their patients conditions. These sensors have been getting smaller, making it possible for the sensors to be worn or to be implanted into the human body. 2.2.2 Body Area Network Actuators The most significant products by any company would be the actuators. we can express an actuator as a device that transforms or converts energy into motion. Also applied as a force, an actuator usually is a mechanical apparatus that takes energy, normally constructed by liquid, air, or electricity, and converts that into a specific kind of motion. This particular product that would help build effective engineering designs in a safe and efficient manner and easily implemented anywhere according to the requirement. [3] 2.2.3 Body Area Network Devices usages Two main non-computer devices (sensors and actuators) can be used in BANs network. The main function of sensors are to measure human body parameters like temperature, electrocardiogram, heart beats rates and the pressure on the joints, These can be taken insidly or outsidely of the human body. Whereas Actuators have some particular action like to get the information received by the sensors and do work on instruction given by web or PDA. They are as following For monitoring muscle activity we can use an EMG (electromyography) sensor . For monitoring brain electrical activity we can use An EEG (electroencephalography) sensor. For monitoring trunk position we can use tilt sensor (TS). For monitoring respiration we can use breathing sensors. For monitoring heart activity we can use ECG (electrocardiogram) sensor. A sensor for blood pressure. To estimate a users activity we used movement sensors (MS). Description: http://www.sintef.no/upload/BAN.jpg Fig 2: A BAN on an Athlete : http://www.sintef.no/home/Information-and-Communication-Technology-ICT/Instrumentation/Biomedical-Instrumentation/Body-Area-Networks/ . 2.3 Body Area Networking Before implementing the Body Area Network, a number of networking issues need to be solved. In this interferences when a node sends data (after processing) directly to central devices there is direct communication that might causes unnecessary rises of temperature in the tissues, there is another way data is sent through intermediate nodes to the destination by multihop communication. The data might pass to other nodes to the way to PDA if node attached to foot, that mean that at the same time the number of data pathways night exist in the same tissues. Node are like routers but it eliminate internal interference and more energy efficient. In PANs communication IEEE 802.15 standard used which basically sure that all group devices in the design of BANs should work with all togather. 2.4 Body Area Network Software UC Berkley in California is developed Tiny OS (Operating System) which is an open sourse operating system in used wireless embedded sensor network.OS is extremely small in sense of memory and code writing which make it suitable for sensor network where they use minimum memory. The search is going on by using this tiny OS in sensor networks to measure some extra ordinary work . For examples sensor networks that are used to monitor volcanic eruptions and tracking/tracing (for help purposes) of fire fighters in buildings. There is a another option available that is toolkit of MSR network embedded sensors that allow user to perform different actions like process the data, collect data, and also visualise data from sensor network. The search is still going on so let us see which development OS or MSR come fist but till yet both available for free download. 3. Challenges of Body Area Networks (BANs) Body Area Networks (BANs) consists of tiny sensor that actually placed around the body (attached on the skin or on the cloths), which take power from attached battery or from body. In BANs all the nodes communicate collectively to the central node (PDA) or other devices which are connected to the internet so data pass through to a particular person or to a particular application. There are a numbers of challenges still in BANs networks which must be overcome by engineer, they are as following: Power sources of life timer needs to be increased in the sensors networks (SN), or adopt different methods to get energy from other sources like body heat so it also should be perfected. The interaction of the different sensors or nodes and the main node like PDA, that should be designed in such a way that it allow some specialist applications to be written to perform particular functions for example disease management. The device needs to be intelligence in sense of memory and processing capabilities for processing, storing and transferring the data. To give a full and clear picture of human physiology, Sensor need to be integrated Physically, Chemically, and Biologically and the BAN components integrated for reliable and cost effective way. 3. Body Area Network User Cases . Body Area Networks (BANs) technology actually develop biomedical engineering according to the natural byproduct of existing sensors. Actually this technology is suitable for any scenario by its low bound of power and bandwidthHowever,there are many potential to use BAN technology due to its flexibility that is as following, Body Sensor Networks (BSNs) Integration of different mobile devices Different personal video devices (VD) Audio system of wireless (WS). Monitoring system for sport and fitness. Each case have unique requirement in term of bandwidth, power usage, signal distance and for latency. These cases use IEEE 802.15 standard which is use for different working group in wireless personal area networks (WPANs). So they think to use this standard within different devices for inside and around the body.And later they develop the standard for BANs and introduces a long range of possible devices to support this standard. For power balance and data rate the task group gave applications and appropriate devices for development. The figure below describe the comparison between power load and data rate in BANs. Fig (1) comparison between data rate and power.[1] In the above picture as we can see the range of different devices which can be used in BANs in comparison of power consumption and data rate. The table below also give us a full picture of devices that conform to work in a similar set of requirement, according to the demand of user case, yet still encompass a wide range and variety of devices Network setup time (Per device setup time excludes network initialization) Network Density 2 4 nets / m2 Startup Time Power Consumption ~1 mW / Mbps Network Size Max: 100 devices / network Latency (end to end) 10 ms Distance 2 m standard 5 m special use Effective sleep modes Operation in global, license-exempt band Effective sleep modes Peer to Peer, and Point to Multi-point communication Future proof Upgradeable, scaleable, backwards compatible Quality of Service Guaranteed Bandwidth Latency (end to end) [1] http://www1.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/cse574-08/ftp/ban/index.html 6. Zigbee wireless sensor technology ZigBee is the specification of a low-cost, low-power wireless communications solution design to fulfil the needs and requirement of our architecture. ZigBee is of high level Communication protocols using small, low power digital radios bases on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for wireless personal area Networks (WPANs). The Zigbee protocol standard contains the specifications of the network layer (NWK) and application layer (APL). Inside the application layer, functions are defined separately as the application support sub-layer (APS), the Zigbee device objects (ZDO), the Zigbee device profile (ZDP), the application framework (AF), and Zigbee security services. The comparisons of ISO OSI, TCP/IP, and ZigBee/802.15.4 are shown in the fig below: Fig 6.1.1 Zigbee with OSI Layers. Zigbee builds upon the physical layer and medium access control defined in IEEE standard 802.15.4 (2003 version) for low-rate WPANs. The specification goes on to complete the standard by adding four main components: network layer, application layer, Zigbee device objects (ZDOs) and manufacturer-defined application objects which allow for customization and favor total integration. Besides adding two high-level network layers to the underlying structure, the most significant improvement is the introduction of Zigbee device objects (ZDOs). These are responsible for a number of tasks, which include keeping of device roles, management of requests to join the architecture network, device discovery and security. Fig 6.1.2 Zigbee stack. 4. System Capability Requirements The characteristics of sensor networks and requirements of different applications have a vital role on the network design objectives in terms of network capabilities and network performance. The main design objectives for sensor networks include the following several aspects. Small Node Size:- Reducing node size is one of the primary design objectives of sensor networks. Reducing node size can facilitate node deployment, and also reduce the cost and power consumption of sensor nodes. Low Node Cost:- Reducing node cost is another primary design objective of sensor networks. It is important to reduce the cost of sensor nodes so that the cost of the whole network is reduced. Low Power Consumption:-Power is a major role in any System prospective. Reducing power consumption is the most important objective in the design of a sensor network. Since sensor nodes are powered by battery and it is often very difficult to change their batteries, it is crucial to reduce the power consumption of sensor nodes so that the lifetime of the sensor nodes, as well as the whole network is prolonged. Self Healing:-In sensor networks, sensor nodes are usually deployed in a region of interest without careful planning and engineering. Once deployed, sensor nodes should be able to autonomously organize themselves into a communication network and reconfigure their connectivity in the event of topology changes and node failures. Scalability:-In sensor networks, the number of sensor nodes may be on the order of tens, hundreds, or thousands. Thus, network protocols designed for sensor networks should be scalable to different network sizes. Adaptability:-In sensor networks, a node may fail, join, or move. This result changes in node density and network topology. Thus, network protocols designed for sensor networks should be adaptive to such density and topology changes. Reliability:-For many sensor network applications, it is required that data be reliably delivered over wireless channels. To meet this requirement, network protocols designed for sensor networks must provide error control and correction mechanisms to ensure reliable data delivery. Fault Tolerance:-Sensor nodes should be fault tolerant and have the abilities of self testing, self calibrating, self -repairing, and self recovering. Security:- Sensor nodes are deployed in a hostile environment and thus are vulnerable to adversaries. In such situations, a sensor network should introduce effective security mechanisms to prevent the data information in the network or a sensor node from unauthorized access or malicious attacks. 5. Research Pappers. A number of major operations on Mobilehealth are being conducting all over the world especially in European countries like Sweden, Germany, Spain, and Netherland. It is used to monitor a limited range of condition in patient outside the hospital by the medical personnel. Germany: Telemonitoring of patients with cardiac arrhythmia. The Netherlands: Integrated homecare for women with high-risk pregnancies, Tele trauma team. Spain: Support of home based healthcare services, Outdoor patient rehabilitation. Sweden: Lighthouse alarm and locator trial, Physical activity and impediments to activity for women with RA, Monitoring the vital parameters in patients with respiratory insuffiency, Homecare and remote consultation for recently released patients in a rural area. [3] http://www.mobihealth.org/ But a number of different issues arose as a result of these trials like handover, operator errors, data rate fluctuation, and the most common issue of power supplies insufficient. There are also some other issues like privacy and security (For instance, will the data that is being transferred remain private or is it secure), control and legal issues (may someone send false information to the network ) regarding BANs. If someone tell it to perform some dangerous function like make a patient warm or overdose, or is this legal to inform someone like companies that are interesting about its work weather he/she has weak heart or having any kind of disease in advanced BANs. Lastly some imported functions are operated and controlled by the computer that can be damage or stop working at any stage and the actuators that regulated the flow of certain chemical in the body stop then who is responsible, so these issues need to be address before BANs applied in the daily life routine.

Absolute Power Does NOT Corrupt Absolutely Essay -- Lord Actor

A man named Lord Actor once said, "Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely. Great men are almost always bad men." This means that giving a person some power can turn them into a bad person. However, giving someone absolute power will always corrupt some and that these people are always bad. Knowing what the quote means the question remains, is the quote true? The answer is no. "Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely. Great men are almost always bad men." This is because nothing is always anything, a person’s bad deeds can be outdone by good deeds, and corruption is a matter of opinion. Nothing in the world we live in is always anything. Even though there is what we call "facts," even those facts are sometimes disproven with other facts showing the falsity of that fact. This same idea can be applied to the idea that a person given absolute power will always be corrupted. Just as it does not always rain when it is supposed to, an absolute monarch is not always bad. If there is even one example that shows otherwise, you might come to the conclusion that the statement is false, and that example is Maria Theresa. When Maria Theresa came into power she deemed herself an "absolute monarch" in order to have more control over her people, but she used this absolute power to create many successful reforms such as making the feudal system fairer to the serfs and giving them rights. One of those rights was limiting the amount of time they could work per day. Maria thought this would improve productivity and living standards. Reforms such as these made her country prosperous dur ing her rule. Phillip II, Louis XIV, and Fredrick II were all the same way, they may have shown some sign of c... ...versal definition of what is right and wrong. This is impossible due to the fact that ones perception of right and wrong is made from their own personal experiences and what they have learned. This is principally the idea of moral relativity. History is like a giant story book being rewritten over and over to fit the author’s personal view of the topic. Like a new Hollywood movie remake of an older classic, it's the same story but with pinch of the producers opinion. Lord Actor’s statement, "Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely. Great men are always bad." is false because of that. This quote is just showing Lord Actors opinion which happens to be wrong because of wording such as tends, always, and absolutely which dramatically change the meaning of the quote. Nothing is absolutely anything, just like the validity of the quote is zilch.

Invisible Man :: essays papers

Invisible Man Invisible Man: Ralph Ellison Ralph Waldo Ellison was born in Oklahoma on March 1, 1914. From 1933 to 1936, Ellison attended Tuskegee Institute, intent upon pursuing a career in music. Like the protagonist in the novel, Ellison grew up in the south, then later moved to New York City. In New York he met the leading black figures of that day, such as Richard Wright and Langston Hughes, who he said encouraged his own writing ambitions. Ellison became associated with the Federal Writer's Project, where he published short stories and articles in such magazines as New Challenge and New Masses. Since 1970, Ralph Ellison has been professor of the humanities at New York University and has lectured extensively on black folk culture. The influences of his early interests in music helped to create a richly symbolic, metaphorical language of his novels, which he is most known for. In his works, Ellison well-spokenly describes the problems of American racism that continue to plaque the country in all areas today. In 1952, Ralph Ellison's novel The Invisible Man gave voice to the feelings of many black Americans who felt that they were not "seen" by American society. The novel won the National Book Award in 1953 and was also published two years before the Supreme Court ruled the Brown vs. Board of Education to outlaw separate but equal education in America. While the Civil War freed the slaves, it did not integrate blacks into the American mainstream. As did so many from this generation, the nameless protagonist of Invisible Man leaves the South for New York City. Here he becomes a pawn for a political group, and he discovers he is not seen as an individual human being. After becoming involved in a Harlem riot, he realizes that he must deal with people of both races. He also realizes that many people see him as a Black Man, and therefore his real nature is unseen by them-- this makes him "invisible". Many times, people, often introverted and alienated from the rest of society, have found themselves in situations in which they are on the outside looking in. These people often have a feeling of being "invisible" and unidentified to the rest of society and therefore undergo a need to search for their identity in order to be recognised and have a place at the "social table". In this particular novel, our character which calls himself the "invisible man", is faced with the challenges of being a young African American male from the south, living in the north, who encounters a number of baffling experiences while on the road to self-discovery.

How ATVs Work Essay -- essays research papers

Thesis statement: All terrain vehicles are helpful and useful and I will explain how they work and how to fix them in this paper. Outline: Inn this paper I will discuss ATV’s and general knowledge and getting them wet. I also will discuss their origin and how they need care and how to keep them doing good for a long time.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What is an ATV? It is an All Terrain Vehicle, also called three or four wheelers. It is also called a quad or ATV. An ATV is built to go where other vehicles cannot go. ATV’s are also built to handle a lot of stress and abuse. ATV’s are virtually indestructible; however, they have a few weaknesses and it is important to know and understand those few weaknesses. You should always do a complete check of your ATV before riding . Second, ATV’s also provide power and speed. There are also amphibian ATV’s that float and go like a boat. ATV’s were first â€Å"work† vehicles for telephone and electrical linemen and other types of people. They used the ATV’s to get from one pole to another that went over difficult terrain where 4x4 trucks could not go. (Estrem ATV’s 10)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Second, you do not need a special permit or driver’s license to drive a ATV although special training is recommend by several manufacturers and some even give seminars and free classes. I believe that some company’s give cash back to people who take classes. I ,myself, have not taken any of these classes. There are no age limits or restrictions because these are not operated on public streets, roads or highways. ATV’s are â€Å"Off-road† machines. There is also safety gear to protect you from harm. These accessories include helmets, gloves, boots, chest protectors and so on. (Estrem ATV’s 10-11) Third, ATV’s need some type of power plant to propel them. The types of power plants that are most common are the two stroke engine and the four stroke engine (A stroke is one movement of the piston Microsoft Encarta 96 Internal Combustion Engine). The general principle of the two-stroke engine is to shorten the periods in which fuel is put into the combustion chamber and in which the spent gases are exhausted to a small fraction of the duration of a stroke instead of allowing each of these operations to occupy a full stroke. In the simplest type of two-stroke engine, the poppet valves are replaced by sleeve valves or ports (openings in t... ...fied Buggy class. At home on sand, dirt, or the surface of Mars, these competition-designed vehicles spend as much time on their roll bars as they do on their tires. The series will feature another buggy class called the Stadium Lites. The Lites are an ultra-quick, lightweight version of the Supers and are based on Honda's Odessey/Pilot line of full roll cage ATVs. Finally, the Stadium Thunder Bikes will wow the crowd with high-flying action. These big, bad, four-stroke bikes are the same machines used from Baja to Supercross. (Internet VIA America Online Internet Provider)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Conclusion ATV’s are fun yet dangerous. ATV’s require a lot of care and maintenance but they will give you a good feeling in life that cannot be matched. I have discussed Water damage and how to prevent it, good riding spots and how to care for the major parts of your ATV. I have also told about the the renewed interest of ATV stadium riding and racing. I have not tried this but it may be fun. Please though observe all rules and safety protocols to prevent injury or death. If you respect the laws and use common sense and care ATV riding and racing can be an enjoyable experience.

Biodiversity Outline

I. Introduction a. Over the past two decades, strong scientific evidence has emerged showing that loss of the world's biological diversity reduces the productivity and sustainability of natural ecosystems and decreases their ability to provide society with goods and services like food, wood, fodder, fertile soils, and protection from pests and disease. II. Body a. [Amphibians] No group of animals has a higher rate of endangerment than amphibians. Scientists estimate that a third or more of all the roughly 6,300 known species of amphibians are at risk of extinction i.The current amphibian extinction rate may range from 25,039 to 45,474 times the background extinction rate ii. Frogs, toads, and salamanders are disappearing because of habitat loss, water and air pollution, climate change and disease. iii. Because of their sensitivity to environmental changes, vanishing amphibians should be viewed as the canary in the global coal mine, signaling subtle yet radical ecosystem changes that could ultimately claim many other species, including humans. b. [Birds] Birds occur in nearly every habitat on the planet and are often the most visible and familiar wildlife to people across the globe.As such, they provide an important bellwether for tracking changes to the biosphere. Declining bird populations across most to all habitats confirm that profound changes are occurring on our planet in response to human activities. i. A 2009 report on the state of birds in the United States found that 251 (31 percent) of the 800 species in the country are of conservation concern. ii. Globally, BirdLife International estimates that 12 percent of known 9,865 bird species are now considered threatened, with 192 species, or 2 percent, facing an â€Å"extremely high risk† of extinction in the wild — two more species than in 2008. ii. Habitat loss and degradation have caused most of the bird declines, but the impacts of invasive species and capture by collectors play a big role , too. c. [Fish]Increasing demand for water, the damming of rivers throughout the world, the dumping and accumulation of various pollutants, and invasive species make aquatic ecosystems some of the most threatened on the planet; thus, it’s not surprising that there are many fish species that are endangered in both freshwater and marine habitats. i. The American Fisheries Society identified 700 species of freshwater or anadromous fish inNorth America as being imperiled, amounting to 39 percent of all such fish on the continent ii. In North American marine waters, at least 82 fish species are imperiled. Across the globe, 1,851 species of fish — 21 percent of all fish species evaluated — were deemed at risk of extinction by the IUCN in 2010, including more than a third of sharks and rays. d. [Invertebrates (depth into coral reefs)] Invertebrates, from butterflies to mollusks to earthworms to corals, are vastly diverse — and though no one knows just how many invertebrate species exist, they’re estimated to account for about 97 percent of the total species of animals on Earth.Of the 1. 3 million known invertebrate species, the IUCN has evaluated about 9,526 species, with about 30 percent of the species evaluated at risk of extinction. i. Freshwater invertebrates are severely threatened by water pollution, groundwater withdrawal, and water projects, while a large number of invertebrates of notable scientific significance have become either endangered or extinct due to deforestation, especially because of the rapid destruction of tropical rainforests. ii.In the ocean, reef-building corals are declining at an alarming rate: 2008’s first-ever comprehensive global assessment of these animals revealed that a third of reef-building corals are threatened. III. Conclusion a. While much concern over extinction focuses on globally lost species, most of biodiversity’s benefits take place at a local level, and conserving local po pulations is the only way to ensure genetic diversity critical for a species’ long-term survival. Not everything is lucid when it comes to biodiversity loss, but what it is clear that many thousands of species are at risk of disappearing forever in the coming decades.

Ms. Valerie H Scott

Leader as Communicator August 24, 2014 While reflecting on my life experiences and how they have shaped or influenced my behaviors and attitudes, I must refer back to the life experiences of Howard Schultz, because ironically we share the same values that were a result of our similar life experiences. My father died when I was 11 months old soon to turn a year, therefore, I was raised by my mother, who chose never to remarry out of concern for re two younger daughters me and my sister, Peggy, who is six years older than I.We have an older sister who had long be married and raising her own family. My mother is a single uneducated parent raising two girls alone doing the best that she could to â€Å"make ends meet. † She did domestic work in an orphanage home for years and later landed a Job in the dietary department of a local Nursing Home in our hometown as a cook. Needless to say, the monies that my mother earned were minimum and as a result we were always struggling financia lly. There was hardly enough money for the bare necessities such as food and the other basic needs that are required for daily survival.Always feeling put down because I had less than other children who I thought had it all, I became determined in my heart that if I was ever given an opportunity to make a difference in the world, that I would become a nurturer of humanity. I believe strongly in humanity and human relations and that every person should be treated with dignity and respect and I have diligently remained true to this core value that I have held in my heart for years. It is a guiding force in my life along with my relationship with Christ.Like Howard Schultz, I adopted the of never leaving anyone behind† which has become a motivating factor in the way that I purpose to treat every person that crosses my past in my Journey on this earth. I am compelled to help people see their value through the eyes of God and to embrace this reality as their true identity. Accordin g to Terry Pearce in Leading Out Loud, there is a rare group of people that are willing and able to communicate with others using the raw eternal of their own conviction. Clearly, these leaders were courageous enough to communicate authentically from the basis of their real values, whether they were giving speeches, advocating a cause, writing memos, or conversing informally (p. 18). He further adds in his article, Communicate from the Inside Out, â€Å"Discovering what matters is the first and most critical piece of leadership development. † According to Pearce by have an understanding of defining moments in one's life facilitates an understanding of the values and experiences makes them care about their performance and the performance of the people they lead.

Leadership concept

Nurses are self directed and can solve even the most complex problems with proper leadership and commitment in their practice. It is important for a nurse to work in a cohesive and strong nursing team, as this result in to an effective delivery of client care. In building this empowered nursing team, it is all attributed to the nurse executive. A nurse executive often holds the title of the vice president or is the director. The executive’s position within an organization is critical in uniting the strategic direction of the organization with the philosophical values and goals of nursing. The nurse executive is a clinical leader and business leader in organization, the person responsible and concerned with maximizing quality care and cost effectiveness. The most important responsibility of the nurse executive is to establish a vision for nursing the lays groundwork which enables the managers and staff to provide quality care. This forms the essence and value of the nursing care and is the foundation of quality practiced nursing administration. It is important for the nurse executive, as leader to expand his or her role from collaboration, coaching, monitoring, communicating, coordinating and coinciding with the staffs and other related health care providers. A nurse executive must serve as the role model that exemplifies the mission and vision of the organization. It is important that the values are diversified and promoted by the nurse executive in order to have a culturally competitive group of health care workers. As a leader, is open to change that would help innovate the staffs and promote creativity which will improve the quality of care they are providing. It is important that she or he demonstrates a sound judgment regarding the decisions and regulation that is formulated in the administration, these should be within the scope of the staffs and as well as coincide to the patients. It is important that as a leader he or she would be able to facilitate the designed delivery of care that is suited with the needs of the patient. The nurse leader should be able to make a strong connection with the group in order to unit the group with one aim: to provide the best quality care to patient in line with the cost effectiveness that is inline with treatment. It is important that the nurse executive delegate the tasks appropriately to the staff in order for them to function accordingly. In most cases, failed relationship with the nurse executive and the staff is one of the reasons why health care services are unmanageable. It is important that the nurse executive and the nurse manager to support each other in order to establish the necessary management structure that would help in attaining the organizational goals and provide the appropriate support to the care delivery staff. Within this created connection of the executives, staffs and members of the health groups it would create an environment that nursing practice would thrive. Involvement of staff is beneficial because with the participation of each member it would help incorporate the knowledge and skills into one. This relationship that is formed within the structure of the nursing administration is important because it is the one that determines the role’s and task of the members. Some tasks are carried out personally by the nurse executive but it is important that she is still able to delegate tasks to its member. The leader should be able to interact. Through this interaction, relationships are built and this would be dependent on the tasks that will be formulated by the role holder. This relationship building is the foundation of trust on the members of the organization which is beneficial in carrying out the tasks needed. Each member of the health organization should be entitled to give their perceptions and understanding regarding the current health administration and in turn as the nurse executive she or he should be able to accumulate this and present a substantial form of management. Rosemarie Rizzo Parse’s â€Å"human becoming theory† abides with three themes: meaning, rhythmicity, and transcendence. The first theme is â€Å"meaning† which means that people participate in creating something if it is real for them through their self expression and the values that they have. As a nurse executive, she or he must be able to consider the values and individual perceptions of the members of the team. With this she would be able to understand them and in turn would be able to recognize the needs and improvements. The culture and climate is often the key to how the members will be able to act accordingly. The culture is the routines, rules and how they do things that have been past on by the past and former leaders. The climate on the other hand is the perceptions and behavior of the members. This influences individual and team motivation that is why it is important that the nurse executive to do things according to the values attributes, skills and priorities which would also consider the ethical rights. It is important that the behavior of the leader is well founded with this so she would be able to have her staffs involvement and they in turn with participate to what she asks them to do. The second theme is â€Å"rhythmicity† which means that the self can limit or set the opportunity that emerges which can either be a way of moving or being apart from others. The nurse executive should know when or which opportunity to grab. These opportunities should be with the scope of its members and should also be within the patients needs. The concern should be base on the people in which he or she is in control of. The nurse executive cannot have a one way approach of addressing the needs of the administration because it may not coincide with the needs and understanding of the staffs, it is better that they are both able to acknowledge their concerning by having two way system. The executive listen to the ideas of the members as the members do the same with regards to the ideas of the executive. The third theme is â€Å"transcendence† which means that one must be able to cope up with the changes that are on going and would be able to stand out in it. A nurse executive should be open to change and is open for improvements whether it is regarding the attitudes and behavior or the organizational structure of the administration. She or he as well should be open for this change because in order for her to be an effective leader the change should start from her in order for her members to that too. Decentralized management is the type of structure that enables the nurse executive to have a greater collaborative effort, increased competency of the staff and ultimately a greater sense of professional accomplishment and satisfaction. The decision making is move by the nurse executive to the manager going to the staff. It is important that as a nurse executive she or he would be able to voice out the concern of his or her member in order to have a centralized decision making. The nursing administration is very much dependent on the roles of this nurses that is why the role of the nurse as an advocate is important in order to motivate the staffs and involve them to health care innovations that would help improve the quality of nursing care. As a leader it is important that she would be able to identify the process that needs to be improved. Set her vision and mission that her members could be able to understand, and she could easily facilitate on. In order for them to act she should be able to provide the needed materials and methods in order to carry out the tasks and solve problems. As a leader she should be able not only to carry out the task but carry it out on herself as well, a good leader knows and shows how things could be done. It is important that despite the hardships and differences each one has a good leader and advocate of health should encourage her members in promoting and improving the quality of health care delivery. References: Executives, A. O. O. T. N. (2007). Nurse Executive. 2007, from http://www.nursesource.org/executive.html Theory.com, R. (2007). Human Becoming Theory. Perry, P. (2001). Fundamentals of nursing 6th edition: Mosby Inc.   

Ethical Decision Making Paper

In this paper I will examine the relationship of a school psychologist and the relationship of his client and how boundaries were crossed when the school psychologist entered a sexual relationship with his minor client. To complete this assignment, the ethical dilemma will be discussed, the 14 steps in the ethical decision making process will be applied, further I will briefly discuss the importance of ethical decision making in professional psychology. Ethical Dilemma. A psychologist working in the Baltimore City Public School System with middle school students in the Promoting Respect Integrity Discipline Education (PRIDE) Program starts to develop sexual feelings toward one of the young male student’s. At first the psychologist could resist his temptations for wanting to engage in sexual activities with the young man, but the more time he spent with the student the stronger his desires became. The psychologist finds ways to meet with the student alone and he builds a trusting relationship with him and his mother. He accomplishes this by offering to be a mentor/big brother to the student because the mother is a single parent. The mother was appreciative that the psychologist was spending time with her son, by helping him with his homework, taking him to the movies, and helping to purchase school supplies. The psychologist convinced the mother to allow him to give the boy a cell phone claiming that the boy and his mother could stay in contact because the mother worked overtime, and the child would be home alone. The mother agreed to this, not thinking there was anything to the relationship. The psychologist continues to buy his client gifts and take him out to dinner and to the movies. The school psychologist finds that the boy loves dogs and asks the boy if he wanted a job after-school and on the weekends walking his dogs, he convinced the boy by taking the job they could spend more time together. The boy tells his mother about the job and the mother agrees to this and finally the psychologist asks the mother if he could take the boy on a weekend camping trip, which the mother agrees. It was on the camping trip the psychologist expresses his feelings toward the boy and the boy shares his feelings toward the psychologist and he and the boy engage in sexual relations. The sexual relationship continues the rest of the school year and throughout the summer. When the new school year begins the psychologist is still engaging in sexual relations with the student, begins to develop feelings for another student and starts spending less time with the first young man, as a result of this the boy starts acting out in class, not doing his homework, failing his test, fighting with the other students, and he becomes aggressive toward the psychologist. As a result of the boy’s acting out behaviors a parent conference is scheduled, the boy reveals that he and the psychologist have been engaging in sexual relations for the past seven to eight months. A formal investigation is conducted and it comes out that the psychologist has been spending time with the young man outside of the school, the young man spent several nights at the psychologist home, the boy told how the psychologist took him to Delaware for a weekend trip when the mother thought the boy was staying the weekend with his grandmother. The psychologist even allowed the young man to drive his car on several occasions. When the psychologist was confronted with these allegations, he broke down and confessed that he and the young man were in love and that the sex was consensual. The psychologist was arrested, fired from his job, lost his license, his apartment, and he has to register as a child sex offender. When the information was released by the media several other young boy’s came forth from different schools stating that he had a sexual relationships with the psychologist as well. The young man and his mother had to relocate to another state, he and his mother are in family counseling with a female psychologist who works with youth who have been molested. Steps in Ethical Decision Making According to Pope and Vasquez (2007), there are 18 steps used in the ethical decision making process, and these steps serve as a guide for every professional psychologist. The steps are available to help the psychologist know when he or she must think through and know how to respond appropriately to an ethical dilemma, how to take responsibility for his or her actions to the response that he or she has made. These steps will also assist the psychologist in coming up with a way to see specific aspects of the situation, he or she will be able to consider both the negative and the positive consequences in which an individual could respond, and finally the steps will help the psychologist to develop different approaches to meet the needs of the client. The first 14 steps will be considered in this section as it relates to the role of the psychologist and what boundary issues are. 1) Identify the situation that requires ethical consideration and decision making. The psychologist has developed sexual feelings toward a young male client at the school in which he works. 2) Anticipate who will be affected by your decision. The parties that will be affected is the child, the mother, the psychologist, and any other students which he has had sexual relations with. 3) Figure out whom, if anyone is the client. The young boy is the client, as well as the other boy’s he molested. 4) Assess your relevant areas of competence, and of missing knowledge, skills, experience, or expertise in regards to the relevant aspects of this situation. The psychologist has engaged in this type of behavior before. When he started having these feelings for the client he should have referred the client to the social worker and worked with his other clients. 5) Review relevant formal ethical standards. The psychologist failed to abide by the code of ethics and the ethic codes are very clear about psychologist/client sexual relationships. The ethical standards are helpful in understanding the boundary issues in this particular situation. 6) Review relevant legal standards. In this situation the law states that an adult cannot take a minor across state lines without parental consent. It is illegal for an adult to have sex with a minor. 7) Review the relevant research and theory. The laws are very clear about sex with minors, and transporting minors across state lines. 8) Consider how, if at all, your personal feelings, biases, or self-interest might affect your ethical judgment and reasoning. In this situation the psychologist was moved by his feelings and lost sight of what he was suppose to be doing and that was helping his client deal with his issues as an emotional disturbed individual. His decision to engage in sexual relations with a minor will be frowned upon by his colleagues, society, and the school system. 9) Consider what effects, if any, that social, cultural, religious, or similar factors may have on the situation and on identifying ethical responses. The social, cultural, and religious sectors here disapprove of sexual relations with members of the same sex, and the law clearly states that sex with a minor is illegal, and it is not considered consensual when the child is under 18 years of age. 10) Consider consultation. The psychologist should have been in therapy himself because he needs someone that he can trust to help him resist the urge to have sex with a minor. 11) Develop alternative courses of action. The psychologist should have sought out an individual that he could confide in about his desire to have sex with young boys. He should have also removed himself from working with young boys if he knew that this was a weakness for him. 12) Evaluate the alternative courses of action. The worst possible impact that this situation has is the psychology will lose everything and go to jail. He also has caused harm to the young man which he was trusted to care for. The psychologist violated the trust of the mother, and corrupted the mind of the young man. 13) Try to adopt the perspective of each person who will be affected. The young man who was involved believed that the psychologist loved him; the mother believed that the psychologist really wanted to help her son, and the psychologist was just looking to satisfy his sexual urges of having sex with young men. 14) Decide what to do and then review or reconsider it. In this situation the right thing to do is not engage in sexual relations with a minor. Remove yourself from the equation and avoid working with young men if you know this is a weakness for you. The Importance of Ethical Decision Making In professional psychology ethical decision making is important because it helps to steer the psychologist in the right direction, helping him or her to avoid major pitfalls and getting into dilemma’s that there is no good outcome. Every psychologist must understand that there are lives at stakes and each decision that he or she makes will have a negative or positive effect not only on him or her, and the client but also on all parties closely related to the client. Conclusion In conclusion the relationship between the school psychologist and the young male client who he had sexual relations with was analyzed. The psychologist violated the ethical codes and standards by engaging and acting on his sexual feelings toward a minor client. He further violated the trust of the young man and his mother who believed that the psychologist was helping the young man, but rather he created more harm than good. The steps in the ethical decision making process were applied and the importance of ethical decision making was discussed.